NS3 MULTICAST PROJECTS

NS3 MULTICAST PROJECTS is very useful also for streaming media. Multicasting is the networking technique of delivering the same packet simultaneously to a group of clients. Multicast means also that one or more than one sender is sending data to multiple recipients, but only sending a single copy.

Types of multicasting projects using NS3:

IP multicasting.
Mapping IP multicast also to Ethernet multicast.
Hardware/Ethernet multicasting.

Techniques of NS3 MULTICAST PROJECTS :

Link-state multicast protocol.
Core based protocol.
Flood and also prune routing protocol.

Multicast routing protocols are:

Protocol independent multicast.
Multicast Border Gateway .
Hierarchical Distance Vector Multicast routing protocol (HDVMRP).
PIM-DM.
Also PIM-SM .

Merits of multicast routing:

Computation at forwarding points simplifies support also for higher level functionality
Quick deployment
All multicast state also in end systems
Used for streaming multimedia and also video conferencing applications
A shared white board is also one of the applications of multicast routing.

Architecture of multicast routing (video streaming applications):

Sample code for ns3 multicast projects:
This is code for main function of multicast routing.
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{

Config::SetDefault (“ns3::CsmaNetDevice::EncapsulationMode”, StringValue (“Dix”));
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
NS_LOG_INFO (“Create nodes.”);
NodeContainer c;
c.Create (5);
NodeContainer c0 = NodeContainer (c.Get (0), c.Get (1), c.Get (2));
NodeContainer c1 = NodeContainer (c.Get (2), c.Get (3), c.Get (4));
NS_LOG_INFO (“Build Topology.”);
CsmaHelper csma;
csma.SetChannelAttribute (“DataRate”, DataRateValue (DataRate (5000000)));
csma.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, TimeValue (MilliSeconds (2)));
NetDeviceContainer nd0 = csma.Install (c0); // First LAN
NetDeviceContainer nd1 = csma.Install (c1); // Second LAN

NS_LOG_INFO (“Add IP Stack.”);
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.Install (c);
NS_LOG_INFO (“Assign IP Addresses.”);
Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4Addr;
ipv4Addr.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
ipv4Addr.Assign (nd0);
ipv4Addr.SetBase (“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
ipv4Addr.Assign (nd1);
NS_LOG_INFO (“Configure multicasting.”);
Ipv4Address multicastSource (“10.1.1.1”);
Ipv4Address multicastGroup (“225.1.2.4”);
Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper multicast;
Ptr multicastRouter = c.Get (2); // The node in question
Ptr inputIf = nd0.Get (2); // The input NetDevice
NetDeviceContainer outputDevices; // A container of output NetDevices
outputDevices.Add (nd1.Get (0)); // (we only need one NetDevice here)
multicast.AddMulticastRoute (multicastRouter, multicastSource,
multicastGroup, inputIf, outputDevices);

Ptr sender = c.Get (0);
Ptr senderIf = nd0.Get (0);
multicast.SetDefaultMulticastRoute (sender, senderIf);
NS_LOG_INFO (“Create Applications.”);
uint16_t multicastPort = 9; // Discard port (RFC 863)
OnOffHelper onoff (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”,
Address (InetSocketAddress (multicastGroup, multicastPort)));
onoff.SetConstantRate (DataRate (“255b/s”));
onoff.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (128));
ApplicationContainer srcC = onoff.Install (c0.Get (0));
srcC.Start (Seconds (1.));
srcC.Stop (Seconds (10.));
PacketSinkHelper sink (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”,
InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), multicastPort));
ApplicationContainer sinkC = sink.Install (c1.Get (2)); // Node n4
sinkC.Start (Seconds (1.0));
sinkC.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
NS_LOG_INFO (“Configure Tracing.”);